/*
 Copyright  2002-2007 MySQL AB, 2008 Sun Microsystems

 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as 
 published by the Free Software Foundation.

 There are special exceptions to the terms and conditions of the GPL 
 as it is applied to this software. View the full text of the 
 exception in file EXCEPTIONS-CONNECTOR-J in the directory of this 
 software distribution.

 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 GNU General Public License for more details.

 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA



 */

/**
 * EscapeProcessor performs all escape code processing as outlined in the JDBC
 * spec by JavaSoft.
 */
package com.mysql.jdbc;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Time;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.TimeZone;

class EscapeProcessor {
	private static Map JDBC_CONVERT_TO_MYSQL_TYPE_MAP;

	private static Map JDBC_NO_CONVERT_TO_MYSQL_EXPRESSION_MAP;

	static {
		Map tempMap = new HashMap();

		tempMap.put("BIGINT", "0 + ?");
		tempMap.put("BINARY", "BINARY");
		tempMap.put("BIT", "0 + ?");
		tempMap.put("CHAR", "CHAR");
		tempMap.put("DATE", "DATE");
		tempMap.put("DECIMAL", "0.0 + ?");
		tempMap.put("DOUBLE", "0.0 + ?");
		tempMap.put("FLOAT", "0.0 + ?");
		tempMap.put("INTEGER", "0 + ?");
		tempMap.put("LONGVARBINARY", "BINARY");
		tempMap.put("LONGVARCHAR", "CONCAT(?)");
		tempMap.put("REAL", "0.0 + ?");
		tempMap.put("SMALLINT", "CONCAT(?)");
		tempMap.put("TIME", "TIME");
		tempMap.put("TIMESTAMP", "DATETIME");
		tempMap.put("TINYINT", "CONCAT(?)");
		tempMap.put("VARBINARY", "BINARY");
		tempMap.put("VARCHAR", "CONCAT(?)");

		JDBC_CONVERT_TO_MYSQL_TYPE_MAP = Collections.unmodifiableMap(tempMap);

		tempMap = new HashMap(JDBC_CONVERT_TO_MYSQL_TYPE_MAP);

		tempMap.put("BINARY", "CONCAT(?)");
		tempMap.put("CHAR", "CONCAT(?)");
		tempMap.remove("DATE");
		tempMap.put("LONGVARBINARY", "CONCAT(?)");
		tempMap.remove("TIME");
		tempMap.remove("TIMESTAMP");
		tempMap.put("VARBINARY", "CONCAT(?)");

		JDBC_NO_CONVERT_TO_MYSQL_EXPRESSION_MAP = Collections
				.unmodifiableMap(tempMap);

	}

	/**
	 * Escape process one string
	 * 
	 * @param sql
	 *            the SQL to escape process.
	 * 
	 * @return the SQL after it has been escape processed.
	 * 
	 * @throws java.sql.SQLException
	 *             DOCUMENT ME!
	 * @throws SQLException
	 *             DOCUMENT ME!
	 */
	public static final Object escapeSQL(String sql,
			boolean serverSupportsConvertFn, ConnectionImpl conn)
			throws java.sql.SQLException {
		boolean replaceEscapeSequence = false;
		String escapeSequence = null;

		if (sql == null) {
			return null;
		}

		/*
		 * Short circuit this code if we don't have a matching pair of "{}". -
		 * Suggested by Ryan Gustafason
		 */
		int beginBrace = sql.indexOf('{');
		int nextEndBrace = (beginBrace == -1) ? (-1) : sql.indexOf('}',
				beginBrace);

		if (nextEndBrace == -1) {
			return sql;
		}

		StringBuffer newSql = new StringBuffer();

		EscapeTokenizer escapeTokenizer = new EscapeTokenizer(sql);

		byte usesVariables = StatementImpl.USES_VARIABLES_FALSE;
		boolean callingStoredFunction = false;

		while (escapeTokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
			String token = escapeTokenizer.nextToken();

			if (token.length() != 0) {
				if (token.charAt(0) == '{') { // It's an escape code

					if (!token.endsWith("}")) {
						throw SQLError
								.createSQLException("Not a valid escape sequence: "
										+ token);
					}

					if (token.length() > 2) {
						int nestedBrace = token.indexOf('{', 2);

						if (nestedBrace != -1) {
							StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(token
									.substring(0, 1));

							Object remainingResults = escapeSQL(token
									.substring(1, token.length() - 1),
									serverSupportsConvertFn, conn);

							String remaining = null;

							if (remainingResults instanceof String) {
								remaining = (String) remainingResults;
							} else {
								remaining = ((EscapeProcessorResult) remainingResults).escapedSql;

								if (usesVariables != StatementImpl.USES_VARIABLES_TRUE) {
									usesVariables = ((EscapeProcessorResult) remainingResults).usesVariables;
								}
							}

							buf.append(remaining);

							buf.append('}');

							token = buf.toString();
						}
					}

					// nested escape code
					// Compare to tokens with _no_ whitespace
					String collapsedToken = removeWhitespace(token);

					/*
					 * Process the escape code
					 */
					if (StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(collapsedToken,
							"{escape")) {
						try {
							StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(token,
									" '");
							st.nextToken(); // eat the "escape" token
							escapeSequence = st.nextToken();

							if (escapeSequence.length() < 3) {
								newSql.append(token); // it's just part of the
														// query, push possible
														// syntax errors onto
														// server's shoulders
							} else {

								escapeSequence = escapeSequence.substring(1,
										escapeSequence.length() - 1);
								replaceEscapeSequence = true;
							}
						} catch (java.util.NoSuchElementException e) {
							newSql.append(token); // it's just part of the
													// query, push possible
													// syntax errors onto
													// server's shoulders
						}
					} else if (StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(collapsedToken,
							"{fn")) {
						int startPos = token.toLowerCase().indexOf("fn ") + 3;
						int endPos = token.length() - 1; // no }

						String fnToken = token.substring(startPos, endPos);

						// We need to handle 'convert' by ourselves

						if (StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCaseAndWs(fnToken,
								"convert")) {
							newSql.append(processConvertToken(fnToken,
									serverSupportsConvertFn));
						} else {
							// just pass functions right to the DB
							newSql.append(fnToken);
						}
					} else if (StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(collapsedToken,
							"{d")) {
						int startPos = token.indexOf('\'') + 1;
						int endPos = token.lastIndexOf('\''); // no }

						if ((startPos == -1) || (endPos == -1)) {
							newSql.append(token); // it's just part of the
													// query, push possible
													// syntax errors onto
													// server's shoulders
						} else {

							String argument = token.substring(startPos, endPos);

							try {
								StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(
										argument, " -");
								String year4 = st.nextToken();
								String month2 = st.nextToken();
								String day2 = st.nextToken();
								String dateString = "'" + year4 + "-" + month2
										+ "-" + day2 + "'";
								newSql.append(dateString);
							} catch (java.util.NoSuchElementException e) {
								throw SQLError.createSQLException(
										"Syntax error for DATE escape sequence '"
												+ argument + "'", "42000");
							}
						}
					} else if (StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(collapsedToken,
							"{ts")) {
						processTimestampToken(conn, newSql, token);
					} else if (StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(collapsedToken,
							"{t")) {
						processTimeToken(conn, newSql, token);
					} else if (StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(collapsedToken,
							"{call")
							|| StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(collapsedToken,
									"{?=call")) {

						int startPos = StringUtils.indexOfIgnoreCase(token,
								"CALL") + 5;
						int endPos = token.length() - 1;

						if (StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(collapsedToken,
								"{?=call")) {
							callingStoredFunction = true;
							newSql.append("SELECT ");
							newSql.append(token.substring(startPos, endPos));
						} else {
							callingStoredFunction = false;
							newSql.append("CALL ");
							newSql.append(token.substring(startPos, endPos));
						}

						for (int i = endPos - 1; i >= startPos; i--) {
							char c = token.charAt(i);

							if (Character.isWhitespace(c)) {
								continue;
							}

							if (c != ')') {
								newSql.append("()"); // handle no-parenthesis
														// no-arg call not
														// supported
								// by MySQL parser
							}

							break;
						}
					} else if (StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(collapsedToken,
							"{oj")) {
						// MySQL already handles this escape sequence
						// because of ODBC. Cool.
						newSql.append(token);
					}
				} else {
					newSql.append(token); // it's just part of the query
				}
			}
		}

		String escapedSql = newSql.toString();

		//
		// FIXME: Let MySQL do this, however requires
		// lightweight parsing of statement
		//
		if (replaceEscapeSequence) {
			String currentSql = escapedSql;

			while (currentSql.indexOf(escapeSequence) != -1) {
				int escapePos = currentSql.indexOf(escapeSequence);
				String lhs = currentSql.substring(0, escapePos);
				String rhs = currentSql.substring(escapePos + 1, currentSql
						.length());
				currentSql = lhs + "\\" + rhs;
			}

			escapedSql = currentSql;
		}

		EscapeProcessorResult epr = new EscapeProcessorResult();
		epr.escapedSql = escapedSql;
		epr.callingStoredFunction = callingStoredFunction;

		if (usesVariables != StatementImpl.USES_VARIABLES_TRUE) {
			if (escapeTokenizer.sawVariableUse()) {
				epr.usesVariables = StatementImpl.USES_VARIABLES_TRUE;
			} else {
				epr.usesVariables = StatementImpl.USES_VARIABLES_FALSE;
			}
		}

		return epr;
	}

	private static void processTimeToken(ConnectionImpl conn,
			StringBuffer newSql, String token) throws SQLException {
		int startPos = token.indexOf('\'') + 1;
		int endPos = token.lastIndexOf('\''); // no }

		if ((startPos == -1) || (endPos == -1)) {
			newSql.append(token); // it's just part of the
									// query, push possible
									// syntax errors onto
									// server's shoulders
		} else {

			String argument = token.substring(startPos, endPos);

			try {
				StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(
						argument, " :");
				String hour = st.nextToken();
				String minute = st.nextToken();
				String second = st.nextToken();

				if (!conn.getUseTimezone()
						|| !conn.getUseLegacyDatetimeCode()) {
					String timeString = "'" + hour + ":"
							+ minute + ":" + second + "'";
					newSql.append(timeString);
				} else {
					Calendar sessionCalendar = null;

					if (conn != null) {
						sessionCalendar = conn
								.getCalendarInstanceForSessionOrNew();
					} else {
						sessionCalendar = new GregorianCalendar();
					}

					try {
						int hourInt = Integer.parseInt(hour);
						int minuteInt = Integer
								.parseInt(minute);
						int secondInt = Integer
								.parseInt(second);

						synchronized (sessionCalendar) {
							Time toBeAdjusted = TimeUtil
									.fastTimeCreate(
											sessionCalendar,
											hourInt, minuteInt,
											secondInt);

							Time inServerTimezone = TimeUtil
									.changeTimezone(
											conn,
											sessionCalendar,
											null,
											toBeAdjusted,
											sessionCalendar
													.getTimeZone(),
											conn
													.getServerTimezoneTZ(),
											false);

							newSql.append("'");
							newSql.append(inServerTimezone
									.toString());
							newSql.append("'");
						}

					} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
						throw SQLError
								.createSQLException(
										"Syntax error in TIMESTAMP escape sequence '"
												+ token + "'.",
										SQLError.SQL_STATE_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
					}
				}
			} catch (java.util.NoSuchElementException e) {
				throw SQLError.createSQLException(
						"Syntax error for escape sequence '"
								+ argument + "'", "42000");
			}
		}
	}

	private static void processTimestampToken(ConnectionImpl conn,
			StringBuffer newSql, String token) throws SQLException {
		int startPos = token.indexOf('\'') + 1;
		int endPos = token.lastIndexOf('\''); // no }

		if ((startPos == -1) || (endPos == -1)) {
			newSql.append(token); // it's just part of the
									// query, push possible
									// syntax errors onto
									// server's shoulders
		} else {

			String argument = token.substring(startPos, endPos);

			try {
				if (!conn.getUseLegacyDatetimeCode()) {
					Timestamp ts = Timestamp.valueOf(argument);
					SimpleDateFormat tsdf = new SimpleDateFormat(
							"''yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss''", Locale.US); //$NON-NLS-1$

					tsdf
							.setTimeZone(conn
									.getServerTimezoneTZ());

					newSql.append(tsdf.format(ts));
				} else {
					StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(
							argument, " .-:");
					try {
						String year4 = st.nextToken();
						String month2 = st.nextToken();
						String day2 = st.nextToken();
						String hour = st.nextToken();
						String minute = st.nextToken();
						String second = st.nextToken();

						/*
						 * For now, we get the fractional
						 * seconds part, but we don't use it, as
						 * MySQL doesn't support it in it's
						 * TIMESTAMP data type
						 * 
						 * String fractionalSecond = "";
						 * 
						 * if (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
						 * fractionalSecond = st.nextToken(); }
						 */

						/*
						 * Use the full format because number
						 * format will not work for "between"
						 * clauses.
						 * 
						 * Ref. Mysql Docs
						 * 
						 * You can specify DATETIME, DATE and
						 * TIMESTAMP values using any of a
						 * common set of formats:
						 * 
						 * As a string in either 'YYYY-MM-DD
						 * HH:MM:SS' or 'YY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS'
						 * format.
						 * 
						 * Thanks to Craig Longman for pointing
						 * out this bug
						 */

						if (!conn.getUseTimezone()
								&& !conn
										.getUseJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift()) {
							newSql.append("'").append(year4)
									.append("-").append(month2)
									.append("-").append(day2)
									.append(" ").append(hour)
									.append(":").append(minute)
									.append(":").append(second)
									.append("'");
						} else {
							Calendar sessionCalendar;

							if (conn != null) {
								sessionCalendar = conn
										.getCalendarInstanceForSessionOrNew();
							} else {
								sessionCalendar = new GregorianCalendar();
								sessionCalendar
										.setTimeZone(TimeZone
												.getTimeZone("GMT"));
							}

							try {
								int year4Int = Integer
										.parseInt(year4);
								int month2Int = Integer
										.parseInt(month2);
								int day2Int = Integer
										.parseInt(day2);
								int hourInt = Integer
										.parseInt(hour);
								int minuteInt = Integer
										.parseInt(minute);
								int secondInt = Integer
										.parseInt(second);

								synchronized (sessionCalendar) {
									boolean useGmtMillis = conn
											.getUseGmtMillisForDatetimes();

									Timestamp toBeAdjusted = TimeUtil
											.fastTimestampCreate(
													useGmtMillis,
													useGmtMillis ? Calendar
															.getInstance(TimeZone
																	.getTimeZone("GMT"))
															: null,
													sessionCalendar,
													year4Int,
													month2Int,
													day2Int,
													hourInt,
													minuteInt,
													secondInt,
													0);

									Timestamp inServerTimezone = TimeUtil
											.changeTimezone(
													conn,
													sessionCalendar,
													null,
													toBeAdjusted,
													sessionCalendar
															.getTimeZone(),
													conn
															.getServerTimezoneTZ(),
													false);

									newSql.append("'");

									String timezoneLiteral = inServerTimezone
											.toString();

									int indexOfDot = timezoneLiteral
											.indexOf(".");

									if (indexOfDot != -1) {
										timezoneLiteral = timezoneLiteral
												.substring(0,
														indexOfDot);
									}

									newSql
											.append(timezoneLiteral);
								}

								newSql.append("'");

							} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
								throw SQLError
										.createSQLException(
												"Syntax error in TIMESTAMP escape sequence '"
														+ token
														+ "'.",
												SQLError.SQL_STATE_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
							}
						}
					} catch (java.util.NoSuchElementException e) {
						throw SQLError.createSQLException(
								"Syntax error for TIMESTAMP escape sequence '"
										+ argument + "'",
								"42000");
					}
				}
			} catch (IllegalArgumentException illegalArgumentException) {
				SQLException sqlEx = SQLError
						.createSQLException(
								"Syntax error for TIMESTAMP escape sequence '"
										+ argument + "'",
								"42000");
				sqlEx.initCause(illegalArgumentException);

				throw sqlEx;
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Re-writes {fn convert (expr, type)} as cast(expr AS type)
	 * 
	 * @param functionToken
	 * @return
	 * @throws SQLException
	 */
	private static String processConvertToken(String functionToken,
			boolean serverSupportsConvertFn) throws SQLException {
		// The JDBC spec requires these types:
		//
		// BIGINT
		// BINARY
		// BIT
		// CHAR
		// DATE
		// DECIMAL
		// DOUBLE
		// FLOAT
		// INTEGER
		// LONGVARBINARY
		// LONGVARCHAR
		// REAL
		// SMALLINT
		// TIME
		// TIMESTAMP
		// TINYINT
		// VARBINARY
		// VARCHAR

		// MySQL supports these types:
		//
		// BINARY
		// CHAR
		// DATE
		// DATETIME
		// SIGNED (integer)
		// UNSIGNED (integer)
		// TIME

		int firstIndexOfParen = functionToken.indexOf("(");

		if (firstIndexOfParen == -1) {
			throw SQLError
					.createSQLException(
							"Syntax error while processing {fn convert (... , ...)} token, missing opening parenthesis in token '"
									+ functionToken + "'.",
							SQLError.SQL_STATE_SYNTAX_ERROR);
		}

		int tokenLength = functionToken.length();

		int indexOfComma = functionToken.lastIndexOf(",");

		if (indexOfComma == -1) {
			throw SQLError
					.createSQLException(
							"Syntax error while processing {fn convert (... , ...)} token, missing comma in token '"
									+ functionToken + "'.",
							SQLError.SQL_STATE_SYNTAX_ERROR);
		}

		int indexOfCloseParen = functionToken.indexOf(')', indexOfComma);

		if (indexOfCloseParen == -1) {
			throw SQLError
					.createSQLException(
							"Syntax error while processing {fn convert (... , ...)} token, missing closing parenthesis in token '"
									+ functionToken + "'.",
							SQLError.SQL_STATE_SYNTAX_ERROR);

		}

		String expression = functionToken.substring(firstIndexOfParen + 1,
				indexOfComma);
		String type = functionToken.substring(indexOfComma + 1,
				indexOfCloseParen);

		String newType = null;

		String trimmedType = type.trim();

		if (StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(trimmedType, "SQL_")) {
			trimmedType = trimmedType.substring(4, trimmedType.length());
		}

		if (serverSupportsConvertFn) {
			newType = (String) JDBC_CONVERT_TO_MYSQL_TYPE_MAP.get(trimmedType
					.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH));
		} else {
			newType = (String) JDBC_NO_CONVERT_TO_MYSQL_EXPRESSION_MAP
					.get(trimmedType.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH));

			// We need a 'special' check here to give a better error message. If
			// we're in this
			// block, the version of MySQL we're connected to doesn't support
			// CAST/CONVERT,
			// so we can't re-write some data type conversions
			// (date,time,timestamp, datetime)

			if (newType == null) {
				throw SQLError
						.createSQLException(
								"Can't find conversion re-write for type '"
										+ type
										+ "' that is applicable for this server version while processing escape tokens.",
								SQLError.SQL_STATE_GENERAL_ERROR);
			}
		}

		if (newType == null) {
			throw SQLError.createSQLException("Unsupported conversion type '"
					+ type.trim() + "' found while processing escape token.",
					SQLError.SQL_STATE_GENERAL_ERROR);
		}

		int replaceIndex = newType.indexOf("?");

		if (replaceIndex != -1) {
			StringBuffer convertRewrite = new StringBuffer(newType.substring(0,
					replaceIndex));
			convertRewrite.append(expression);
			convertRewrite.append(newType.substring(replaceIndex + 1, newType
					.length()));

			return convertRewrite.toString();
		} else {

			StringBuffer castRewrite = new StringBuffer("CAST(");
			castRewrite.append(expression);
			castRewrite.append(" AS ");
			castRewrite.append(newType);
			castRewrite.append(")");

			return castRewrite.toString();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Removes all whitespace from the given String. We use this to make escape
	 * token comparison white-space ignorant.
	 * 
	 * @param toCollapse
	 *            the string to remove the whitespace from
	 * 
	 * @return a string with _no_ whitespace.
	 */
	private static String removeWhitespace(String toCollapse) {
		if (toCollapse == null) {
			return null;
		}

		int length = toCollapse.length();

		StringBuffer collapsed = new StringBuffer(length);

		for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
			char c = toCollapse.charAt(i);

			if (!Character.isWhitespace(c)) {
				collapsed.append(c);
			}
		}

		return collapsed.toString();
	}
}
